HTTP コンテキストオプション
HTTP コンテキストオプション — HTTP コンテキストオプションの一覧
説明
http:// および https://
トランスポート用のコンテキストオプションです。
例
例1 ページの取得と POST データの送信
<?php
$postdata = http_build_query(
array(
'var1' => 'some content',
'var2' => 'doh'
)
);
$opts = array('http' =>
array(
'method' => 'POST',
'header' => 'Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
'content' => $postdata
)
);
$context = stream_context_create($opts);
$result = file_get_contents('http://example.com/submit.php', false, $context);
?>
例2 リダイレクトを無視し、ヘッダとコンテンツの取得
<?php
$url = "http://www.example.org/header.php";
$opts = array('http' =>
array(
'method' => 'GET',
'max_redirects' => '0',
'ignore_errors' => '1'
)
);
$context = stream_context_create($opts);
$stream = fopen($url, 'r', false, $context);
// ヘッダ情報およびストリームのメタデータ
var_dump(stream_get_meta_data($stream));
// $url の実際のデータ
var_dump(stream_get_contents($stream));
fclose($stream);
?>注意
注意: 基盤となるソケットストリームのコンテキストオプション
これ以外のコンテキストオプションが 基盤となるトランスポート でサポートされています。http://ストリームの場合は、tcp://のコンテキストオプションを参照ください。https://ストリームの場合は、ssl://のコンテキストオプションを参照ください。
注意: HTTP ステータスライン
このストリームラッパーがリダイレクトをたどると、 stream_get_meta_data() が返すwrapper_dataのインデックス0の内容が必ずしもそのコンテンツの HTTP ステータスラインであるとは限らなくなります。最初のリクエストがarray ( 'wrapper_data' => array ( 0 => 'HTTP/1.0 301 Moved Permanently', 1 => 'Cache-Control: no-cache', 2 => 'Connection: close', 3 => 'Location: http://example.com/foo.jpg', 4 => 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK', ...301(permanent redirect) を返したので、ストリームラッパーが自動的にリダイレクト先をたどり、レスポンス200(インデックス =4) を取得しました。
＋add a note
User Contributed Notes 11 notes
nate ¶
10 years ago
Note that if you set the protocol_version option to 1.1 and the server you are requesting from is configured to use keep-alive connections, the function (fopen, file_get_contents, etc.) will "be slow" and take a long time to complete. This is a feature of the HTTP 1.1 protocol you are unlikely to use with stream contexts in PHP.
Simply add a "Connection: close" header to the request to eliminate the keep-alive timeout:
<?php
// php 5.4 : array syntax and header option with array value
$data = file_get_contents('http://www.example.com/', null, stream_context_create([
'http' => [
'protocol_version' => 1.1,
'header' => [
'Connection: close',
],
],
]));
?>
daniel dot peder at gmail dot com ¶
7 years ago
note that for both http and https protocols require the same 'http' context keyword:
<?php
// CORRECT example:
// this will work as expected
// note the url with https but context with http
$correct_data = file_get_contents('https://example.com', false, stream_context_create(array('http' => array(...))));
// INVALID example:
// this will not work, the context will be ignored
// note the url with https also context with https
$correct_data = file_get_contents('https://example.com', false, stream_context_create(array('https' => array(...))));
daniel.peder (a) gmail.com ¶
7 years ago
note that both http and https transports require the same context name http
// OK example:
// this will work as expected
// note the url with https but context with http
$correct_data = file_get_contents('https://example.com', false, stream_context_create(array('http' => array(...))));
// INVALID example:
// this will not work, the context will be ignored
// note the url with https also context with https
$correct_data = file_get_contents('https://example.com', false, stream_context_create(array('https' => array(...))));
ASchmidt at Anamera dot net ¶
3 years ago
With the default of
'follow_location' => 1
be certain NEVER include a "Host:" header in the 'header' array.
If the host is set to "mydomain.com", and that web site has a (quite common) redirect to "www.mydomain.com", then the initial request to "http://mydomain.com" will get the expected response of:
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Location: http://www.mydomain.com/
However, the follow-up request does NOT replace the original "host" header with the new "location" value, as one would expect. Consequently each "follow-location" request will again be served by the original host of "http://mydomain.com", and continue the redirect loop until 'max_redirects' has been exhausted.
(For details: https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=77889)
ywarnier at beeznest dot org ¶
7 years ago
Note that setting request_fulluri to true will *change* the value of $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI] on the receiving end (from /abc.php to http://domain.com/abc.php).
gourav sarkar ¶
13 years ago
watch your case when using methods (POST and GET)...it must be always uppercase. in case of you write it in lower case it wont work.
aruntechguy at outlook dot com ¶
7 years ago
If you want to use Basic Auth while using get_headers(), use stream_context options below.
I am using HEAD method here, but please feel free to use GET also.
<?php
$targetUrl = 'http or https target url here';
$basicAuth = base64_encode('username:password');
stream_context_set_default(
[
'http' => [
'method' => 'HEAD',
'header' => 'Authorization: Basic ' . $basicAuth
]
]
);
$result = get_headers($targetUrl);
print_r($result);
njt1982 at yahoo dot com ¶
5 months ago
It's worth noting that the `header` array seems to only want an array of strings, not an associative array.
I just spent a chunk of time debugging something not working as expected (no errors though) which was fixed by converting an associative array of headers into a simple array of strings.
vchampion at gmail dot com ¶
12 years ago
If you use the proxy server and encounter an error "fopen(http://example.com): failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.0 400 Bad Request" note that in many situations you need also set the parameter "request_fulluri" to "true" in your stream options. Without this option the php script sends the empty request to the server as "GET / HTTP/0.0" and the proxy server replies to it with the "HTTP 400" error.
For example (working sample):
<?php
$stream = stream_context_create(Array("http" => Array("method" => "GET",
"timeout" => 20,
"header" => "User-agent: Myagent",
"proxy" => "tcp://my-proxy.localnet:3128",
'request_fulluri' => True /* without this option we get an HTTP error! */
)));
if ( $fp = fopen("http://example.com", 'r', false, $stream) ) {
print "well done";
}
?>
P>S> PHP 5.3.17