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    ngettext

    (PHP 4 >= 4.2.0, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

    ngettext — gettext の複数形版

    説明

    ngettext(string $singular, string $plural, int $count): string

    複数形版の gettext() です。 言語によっては、数量に応じていくつかの複数形が存在することがあります。

    パラメータ

    singular

    単数形のメッセージ ID。

    plural

    複数形のメッセージ ID。

    count

    数 (件数など)。この数にあわせて翻訳を決定します。

    戻り値

    singular および plural で表されるメッセージの、数 count に対応する複数形を返します。

    例

    例1 ngettext() の例

    <?php

    setlocale    (LC_ALL, 'cs_CZ');
    printf(ngettext("%d window", "%d windows", 1), 1); // 1 okno
    printf(ngettext("%d window", "%d windows", 2), 2); // 2 okna
    printf(ngettext("%d window", "%d windows", 5), 5); // 5 oken

    ?>

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    User Contributed Notes 6 notes

    up
    8
    peter at ints dot net
    16 years ago
    Example for russian lang:
    file.po:
    ...
    "Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2;\n"
    ...
    msgid "File"
    msgid_plural "Files"
    msgstr[0] "Файл"
    msgstr[1] "Файла"
    msgstr[2] "Файлов"
    ...

    file.php
    ...
    echo ngettext("File", "Files", $number);
    ...
    up
    3
    tokul at users dot sourceforge dot net
    18 years ago
    According to GNU gettext manual third argument is unsigned long integer. It must be positive number. If n is negative, it might be evaluated incorrectly in some languages.
    up
    5
    Mike Robinson
    11 years ago
    Even though "hek at theeks dot net"'s answer is valid, I would not recommend using the abs() hack recommended. Even though it is by far the most common, not all languages treat (n != 1) as plural. Other languages are much more complex, for example, here is how you determine plurals in Macedonian.

    n==1 || n%10==1 ? 0 : 1

    In Arabic there are actually 5 different types of plurals:

    n==0 ? 0 : n==1 ? 1 : n==2 ? 2 : n%100>=3 && n%100<=10 ? 3 : n%100>=11 ? 4 : 5

    If you are using only specific languages that use the (n != 1) format AND -1 is singular, by all means, use abs(), but be careful and don't forget that you have done this when adding a new language to your project 3 years down the road.
    up
    6
    kontakt at somplatzki dot de
    17 years ago
    It's useful to know how the .po-file has to look like when using ngettext:

    msgid "item"
    msgid_plural "items"
    msgstr[0] "Produkt"
    msgstr[1] "Produkte"

    In php:

    echo ngettext('item', 'items', $number);
    up
    1
    mike-php at emerge2 dot com
    20 years ago
    Section 10.2.5 in the GNU gettext manual explains the ngettext function:

    http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/

    (Sorry, but the Add Note function prevents me from including a long URL which points right to that section of the manual.)
    up
    1
    hek at theeks dot net
    15 years ago
    Beware of one difference between the GNU gettext API and the PHP binding of it, which is that the GNU gettext functions that accept a $count parameter all expect (indeed, being compiled C, require) that $count be unsigned, while the PHP binding does not.

    Thus, the PHP gettext functions will happily accept negative numbers. The one potentially irritating consequence of this is that -1 is treated as plural, which sits well with some people and not so well with others. (As a picky native speaker of English, my personal opinion is that both "the temperature is minus one degree Fahrenheit" and "four apples minus five apples leaves minus one apple" but others may feel that "four apples minus five apples leaves minus one apples" sounds better.)

    The upshot: You may want to abs($count) before passing numbers to gettext.

    Bonus points: If your application includes user preferences, you might offer a "treat -1 as singular" option to your users, then choose $count or abs($count) to pass to gettext based on each user's preference.
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